What does a drill rig do?

What does a drill rig do?

A drill rig is like a "drilling machine." Its core task is to create deep, round holes (bores) in the ground.

Its purpose isn't just to drill a hole; it's to:

Find resources: such as oil, natural gas, and groundwater.

Explore: For example, to explore the structure of underground soil and rock to lay foundations for buildings and bridges.

Construction: For example, to dig tunnels in mountains or install solid foundations for buildings.

How does a drill rig work?

Although a drill rig may look complex, the basic principle is very similar to drilling wood with a screw:

Drilling: A power system pushes a long drill rod, rotating or impacting the drill bit at the end.

Crushing rock: A hard drill bit is responsible for breaking up the rock and soil beneath.

Cleansing debris: During drilling, a special "mud" (or air) is pumped in to flush the drilled debris out of the hole, allowing the hole to be further deepened.

Common Drilling Rig Types (Classified by Drilling Method):

Rotary Drill: The most common. Like tightening a screw, the drill bit continuously rotates to grind rock. It's primarily used for drilling very deep oil and gas wells.

Percussion drill: Like hammering a nail, a power system repeatedly lifts and drives the drill bit down, breaking up the rock. Suitable for drilling hard rock formations.

Combined drill: This combines both rotary and impact drilling, offering even greater power.

Types of drilling rigs you might see:

Oil drill: The largest and tallest rig, used for drilling for oil and natural gas at depths of several thousand meters.

Hydrological well drill: Smaller and more maneuverable, specifically for drilling water wells.

Engineering survey drill: Usually mounted on a truck for easy mobility, it's used to survey geological conditions at construction sites.

Brief Summary: A drilling rig is a powerful piece of engineering machinery designed to drill deep underground to retrieve resources, conduct geological exploration, or complete infrastructure construction. It's an essential piece of equipment in resource development and large-scale engineering construction.