Analysis of Applicable Scenarios for Different Drilling Equipment

Analysis of Applicable Scenarios for Different Drilling Equipment

When selecting drilling equipment, the most important consideration is the type of formation to be drilled. For drilling in soft soil, sand, or general clay layers, such as common agricultural water wells tens of meters deep, rotary drilling rigs are usually the most common choice. They use a drill rod to rotate the drill bit for cutting, while circulating mud or water carries the cuttings out of the hole. This method is efficient, low-cost, and relatively simple to operate in soft formations.

If there are hard rock layers underground, such as granite or hard sandstone, then percussion drilling rigs are more suitable. Their working principle is similar to a hammer, breaking the rock by repeatedly pulling and impacting the drill bit downwards, which has a good penetration effect on hard rock. However, it is less efficient in soft soil layers, and produces more vibration and noise during operation. Therefore, in complex formations with alternating soft and hard layers or uncertain formations, composite drilling rigs are often chosen. These combine rotary and percussion functions, making them more adaptable, but the equipment is also relatively more complex and expensive.

Therefore, before making a decision, it's best to understand the underground conditions as much as possible, by referring to records of existing wells nearby or conducting a simple exploration. Determining the required well depth, diameter, and budget is also crucial. For ordinary shallow wells, rotary drilling rigs are an economical choice; for deep wells or engineering boreholes that must penetrate hard rock, percussion or combined drilling rigs should be considered. The safest approach is to inform a reliable equipment supplier of your specific needs and ask them to recommend the most suitable solution based on their experience.